0.2.5 - Note About Transliteration
In this book, we mostly used a transliteration style that avoids any unusual Roman characters. This simplified system is simple and straightforward, so we don’t need to add any table of definitions. For example: a double “aa” indicates alif-madda (otherwise usually indicated by: â, in the standard transliteration styles), while a double “ee” or “ii” is yaa-madda (or: î). If no confusion is anticipated, these will be written as single letters, “a” instead of “â”, “i” instead of “î” and “u” instead of “ŭ”. Other Arabic sounds that do not have Latim equivalents will be transliterated to the nearest familiar sound, sometimes also using double letters, such as “dd” (for: đâd) or “ss” (for: şâd). The letter “’ayn” is also often written as “aa” or “ii” depending on the vowel that follows or precedes. For example, “Mawâqi’ al-Nujŭm” is written simply as “Mawaqii al-Nujum”, and “Fušŭš al-Ĥikam” is written as “Fusus al-Hikam”.
Only upon first mention, or in some other cases, when accuracy is critical or necessary, we shall follow a transliteration style similar to the standard systems used for example by the Encyclopedia of Islam. This custom style is defined in the following table, and it is slightly modified to suit the standard HTML and LATEX scripts for online browsing.
ArabicLetter | Transliteration | - | ArabicLetter | Transliteration |
---|---|---|---|---|
hamzah | ’ | - | kâf | k |
alif | Â/â | - | lâm | l |
bâ’ | b | - | mîm | m |
tâ’ | t | - | nūn | n |
thâ’ | th | - | hâ’ | h |
jîm | j | - | wâw | w;ŭ |
Ĥ/ĥâ’ | Ĥ/ĥ | - | yâ’ | y;î |
khâ’ | kh | - | alif-maddah | ’â;’a |
dâl | d | - | tâ’-marbūţah | h;t |
dhâl | dh | - | alif-lâm | al- |
râ’ | r | - | alif-maqşūrah | â |
zây | z | - | fatĥah | a |
sîn | s | - | kasrah | i |
shîn | sh | - | đammah | u |
Š/šâd | Š/š | - | fatĥah-alif | â |
Ď/đâd | Ď/đ | - | kasrah-yâ’ | Î/î |
Ť/ťâ’ | Ť/ť | - | đammah-wâw | Ŭ/ŭ |
Ž/žâ’ | Ž/ž | - | fatĥah-yâ’ | ay |
‘ayn | ‘ | - | fatĥah-wâw | aw |
ghayn | gh | - | fatĥatân | an |
fâ’ | f | - | kasratân | in |
qâf | q | - | đammatân | un |
Transliteration Style
The custom transliteration style used in this book. This system is similar to the standard styles used for example in the Encyclopedia of Islam, but we did some simple modification to suit the standard HTML and LATEX scripts for online browsing.